The term "sexual orientation" refers to an individual's emotional, romantic, physical, or sexual attraction toward another person. It can be heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, pansexual, asexual, queer, etc., depending on whom they are attracted to. Sexual identity is usually categorized into gender binary terms like male/female, man/woman, cisgender/transgender, but it can also vary along a spectrum.
Someone who is fluid between gay and straight identities may be called bi-curious, while someone who experiences both masculine and feminine aspects may be described as non-binary or agender. The way people identify themselves influences their behavior in various contexts, including socializing, dating, workplace dynamics, and career trajectories.
When it comes to the workplace, public disclosure of one's sexuality affects one's chances of advancement and internalized self-esteem. Studies have shown that employers tend to favor heterosexuals when hiring new staff members and promoting existing ones. Heterosexual employees get more opportunities for mentorship, training, and networking than LGBTQ+ individuals. This is due to implicit prejudice against sexual minorities based on stereotypes such as being immoral or unprofessional, which leads them to be perceived as less competent than their straight counterparts. In addition, those who hide their true identities at work face psychological stress related to fear of rejection, shame, self-doubt, and anxiety over revealing themselves.
Some studies suggest that disclosing sexual orientation may lead to improved performance because employees feel freer to express their authentic selves and focus on work rather than concealment.
Internalized homophobia refers to negative attitudes toward one's own sexuality based on cultural expectations. It often involves feelings of guilt, shame, and low self-worth, leading to depression, substance abuse, and suicide attempts. Publicly disclosing one's identity can increase these effects by reinforcing internalized stigma and discrimination. On the other hand, coming out can bring relief from secrecy and provide a sense of validation and empowerment. It allows individuals to take control of how they are represented in society while also opening up to supportive networks outside of work. Some experts recommend gradual disclosure over sudden "coming out" events, starting with close friends and family before sharing with colleagues.
Publicly disclosing one's sexual orientation impacts career trajectories, workplace dynamics, and internalized self-esteem differently for each individual depending on factors like job position, work environment, personal experiences, and social norms. While it can lead to increased vulnerability, resilience, and acceptance, it is important to approach the decision carefully and consider all possible consequences.
How does publicly disclosing one's sexual orientation influence career trajectories, workplace dynamics, and internalized self-esteem?
Publicly disclosing one's sexual orientation can have significant implications on an individual's career trajectory, workplace dynamics, and internalized sense of self-worth. Research suggests that individuals who disclose their LGBTQ+ identity may experience increased stress levels, prejudice, discrimination, and exclusion within the workplace (Boswell et al. , 2018).