Internalized stigma refers to the negative beliefs about one's own self that are rooted in societal expectations of what is considered acceptable behavior and appearance. When it comes to sexuality and relationships, individuals who have internalized stigma may struggle with their sense of self-worth and ability to connect with others in an authentic way. This can lead to feelings of shame, embarrassment, and isolation, which can impact their level of sexual confidence and ability to make choices about how they express themselves sexually.
If someone has been taught that being promiscuous or having casual hookups is wrong, they may feel ashamed or guilty for engaging in such behaviors, even if those actions align with their personal desires. This can prevent them from exploring their sexuality fully and developing healthy relationship dynamics based on mutual respect and trust. Similarly, if someone has internalized the idea that certain types of bodies or appearances are unattractive or undesirable, they may avoid intimate situations altogether, fearing rejection or judgment. These patterns of thought can ultimately limit their relational agency, or the ability to actively pursue and create fulfilling partnerships.
Cultivating a positive and empowered attitude towards one's own sexuality and relationships can help counteract the effects of internalized stigma. By recognizing and challenging these harmful narratives, individuals can begin to see themselves as worthy, capable, and deserving of love and connection. This can open up new possibilities for exploration and self-expression, leading to greater levels of sexual confidence and relational agency.
Addressing internalized stigma requires both individual and societal change. Individuals can work on challenging negative beliefs through therapy, mindfulness practices, and seeking out supportive communities. Meanwhile, society at large must work to destigmatize diverse forms of sexual expression and promote healthier attitudes toward intimacy. By doing so, we can create a more inclusive and equitable world where everyone feels empowered to express their authentic selves freely and without shame.
How does internalized stigma influence sexual confidence and relational agency?
Internalized stigma is defined as an individual's belief that they are inferior due to their social identity group (Miranda & Chin, 2019). This can include marginalized groups such as women, LGBTQ+ individuals, people of color, etc. Sexual confidence refers to one's self-esteem related to sexual desires, behaviors, and identities.