Differential psychological effects of overt versus covert discrimination on career development, motivation, and identity consolidation in LGBTQ adults.
The LGBTQ community faces various forms of discrimination from employers and coworkers, which affect their career development, motivation, and identity consolidation. This article will explore the differential psychological effects of overt and covert discrimination on these factors.
Overt discrimination is direct and obvious, while covert discrimination is subtle and hidden. Overt discrimination includes verbal abuse, physical attacks, and exclusionary behavior based on sexual orientation and gender identity. Covert discrimination involves denying opportunities, assigning less desirable tasks, and creating an unfriendly work environment. Both types of discrimination can lead to reduced job satisfaction, decreased performance, increased stress levels, and lower self-esteem.
Covert discrimination may be more damaging because it is harder to recognize and challenge, leading to internalized homophobia or transphobia that undermines personal well-being.
Career development refers to individuals' progress toward achieving long-term goals within a profession. Discrimination negatively impacts this process by limiting access to promotions, raises, and leadership positions. Individuals may feel demoralized and unable to advance due to prejudiced attitudes and policies. They might also experience greater pressure to hide their sexuality/gender identity for fear of retaliation, compromising authenticity and confidence. Motivation suffers when workers feel undervalued, disrespected, and uncertain about the future. LGBTQ adults may struggle with work-life balance, as they must navigate both personal and professional identities in heteronormative environments.
Identity consolidation involves integrating various aspects of oneself into a cohesive whole. Discrimination challenges this process by forcing individuals to choose between their sexuality/gender identity and career aspirations. This dilemma results in emotional turmoil, causing guilt, shame, confusion, and anxiety about being true to themselves. Individuals may avoid certain roles or industries perceived as less accommodating, diminishing opportunities and limiting potential contributions.
Discrimination hinders self-expression, creativity, and innovation, creating a hostile work environment where individuals feel silenced and marginalized.
Discrimination is detrimental to LGBTQ adults' career development, motivation, and identity consolidation. Overt and covert forms have distinct effects on these factors, which can be devastating for individuals and organizations alike. Employers should create inclusive policies that support diversity and equity, including training, mentorship programs, and cultural competency initiatives. LGBTQ adults must prioritize personal well-being and seek support systems outside of work to counteract negative impacts. By recognizing and addressing discrimination, we can foster healthy workplaces where all individuals thrive.
What are the differential psychological effects of overt versus covert discrimination on career development, motivation, and identity consolidation in LGBTQ adults?
Overall, both overt and covert discrimination have similar negative effects on the career development, motivation, and identity consolidation of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer (LGBTQ) individuals. Overt discrimination involves direct expressions of prejudice and hostility towards LGBTQ individuals, such as verbal abuse, physical assaults, and social exclusion based on their sexual orientation or gender identity.