Leaders are expected to be strong, confident, and unwavering in their decisions. They must project an image of authority and competence, but also display emotional sensitivity towards subordinates and colleagues. This presents a paradox for many leaders, who must balance public perceptions of strength with private feelings of vulnerability and self-doubt.
In order to understand how leaders negotiate this tension between human vulnerability and symbolic imperatives of office, it is important to examine the role of power dynamics within organizations. Power is defined as "the capacity to mobilize resources to achieve goals" (French & Raven, 1959), which includes both formal and informal sources of influence. Leaders occupy positions of formal power due to their hierarchical position in the organization's structure, while informal sources such as expertise, charisma, and social networks can contribute to their ability to lead effectively.
These forms of power are not always stable or predictable. Organizational politics and interpersonal relationships can shift and undermine a leader's authority, requiring them to adapt and reassert themselves through negotiation and persuasion. This requires a delicate balancing act between presenting a strong and commanding presence while still being accessible and approachable to those they lead.
To navigate this tension, leaders may rely on different strategies that allow them to maintain control over the situation while acknowledging their own vulnerabilities. One strategy is to create distance by emphasizing professionalism and objectivity in interactions, thereby reducing the risk of personal attachment or emotion. Another strategy is to use humor and self-deprecating remarks to deflect attention from one's perceived weaknesses. A third strategy is to focus on results rather than process, highlighting accomplishments achieved despite setbacks or challenges.
The success of any leader depends on how well they can reconcile the demands of public perception with private feelings of vulnerability and uncertainty. By understanding the nature of leadership, power dynamics, and interpersonal relationships, leaders can better manage the complexities of office life and develop effective strategies for leading teams.
How do leaders negotiate the tension between human vulnerability and the symbolic imperatives of office?
The concept of "symbolic imperative" refers to the need for leaders to maintain an image of competence, power, and control, while the notion of "vulnerability" encompasses the personal struggles and challenges that they face as individuals. Negotiating these two contradictory demands can be difficult for any leader, but there are several strategies that have been proposed to help manage this tension.