The vagina is a fascinating organ that houses several types of bacteria. It's essential to keep these bacteria healthy for various reasons, including reducing your risk of developing sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like chlamydia, gonorrhea, and HIV/AIDS. In this article, I will explain how the vagina's microbiome affects its ability to fight off infections and what you can do to maintain a healthy balance.
Vaginal pH: The pH level of the vagina changes throughout the menstrual cycle. During ovulation, when an egg is released from the ovaries, it becomes more alkaline due to increased estrogen levels. This change creates an environment where "good" bacteria thrive, making it less hospitable for harmful bacteria like those that cause STIs. If your pH level gets too low or high, however, you may be at greater risk for getting sick.
Lactobacilli: Lactobacilli are the most common type of bacteria found in the vagina. They produce lactic acid, which helps create a slightly acidic environment that prevents bad bacteria from growing out of control. Without enough lactobacilli, other bacteria can take over and cause infection. A lack of lactobacilli also increases your risk of contracting STIs.
Bacterial Vaginosis (BV): BV is caused by an imbalance in the vaginal flora, usually due to an overgrowth of Gardnerella vaginalis bacteria. Symptoms include a fishy odor and discharge. Antibiotics can treat BV, but they should only be used after consulting with a doctor. If left untreated, BV can increase your risk of HIV/AIDS transmission during sex.
Douching: Douching is a practice that involves cleaning your vagina with water or other solutions. It sounds like a good idea, but it's actually harmful because it washes away the healthy bacteria that keep your microbiome balanced. This can lead to infections and other problems.
Preventive Measures: To maintain a healthy microbiome, avoid douching, wear cotton underwear, and use condoms during sexual intercourse. Eat probiotic foods like yogurt and fermented vegetables. Regularly bathe your genitals with gentle soaps or saline solution. Do not use scented soaps or perfumes around your vagina.
In conclusion, taking care of your vaginal health requires more than just washing regularly. By understanding how your microbiome works, you can protect yourself from infection and stay safe during sex.