The concept of bodily ownership refers to the subjective experience of possessing one's body and having full control over its movements, sensations, and desires. This sense of ownership is essential for self-identity, agency, and wellbeing, and it can be profoundly disrupted by traumatic experiences. In this article, we will explore how trauma can alter the sense of bodily ownership during sexual interactions, particularly focusing on women who have experienced sexual assault or abuse. We will examine the physiological mechanisms underlying these changes and provide strategies for regaining autonomy and pleasure in sexual encounters.
One of the most fundamental aspects of sexual activity is being aware of one's own body and responding to sensations accordingly. When an individual has been through a traumatic event that involves physical violation, such as rape or domestic violence, their body may become associated with pain, fear, and shame rather than pleasure and intimacy. As a result, they may feel dissociated from their body and unable to fully engage in sexual encounters. They may also struggle with intrusive thoughts, flashbacks, and hypervigilance, which can interfere with their ability to relax and enjoy themselves.
Trauma survivors often report feeling numb or detached during sex, as if their body is not entirely present or under their control. This lack of sensory awareness can lead to difficulties achieving orgasm, experiencing arousal, and connecting emotionally with partners. Some individuals may even avoid sexual contact altogether out of fear of reliving traumatic memories or losing control.
To help alleviate these issues, therapists may suggest mindfulness exercises, somatic techniques, and other forms of body-based therapy. These approaches aim to increase awareness of physical sensations and help survivors reclaim ownership over their bodies.
Practicing yoga or deep breathing exercises can help trauma survivors learn to focus on their bodies without fear or judgment, while erotic massage and BDSM play can provide a safe space for exploring touch and power dynamics.
In addition to physical exercises, some people find relief by seeking support from peers or joining survivor communities. Sharing experiences with others who have gone through similar traumas can help validate feelings and normalize struggles, reducing isolation and increasing empowerment.
Regaining bodily ownership involves rebuilding trust and safety within oneself and one's environment, gradually building confidence in the ability to experience pleasure and intimacy again.
How does trauma alter the sense of bodily ownership in sex?
Traumatic experiences can have profound effects on an individual's perception of their body and its functioning during sexual encounters. Trauma survivors may struggle with feeling disconnected from their bodies and experiencing physical sensations, such as touch, differently than others. This can result in reduced libido, difficulty with arousal, painful or uncomfortable sex, anxiety surrounding intimacy, and fear of losing control during intercourse.