Relational identity theories provide a framework for understanding how individuals identify themselves based on their relationships with others. These theories suggest that people develop an internal sense of self through interactions with others and that these relationships are shaped by social and cultural contexts. This means that policies designed to promote inclusion should be informed by an understanding of how individuals construct their identities in relation to others.
The relational identity theory of Erving Goffman is one such model that can help inform inclusive policy development. According to this theory, individuals create a sense of self by negotiating with others and responding to the social environment. In other words, our identities are constructed through interaction with others rather than being fixed entities. This implies that policies aimed at promoting inclusion should consider how different groups interact with each other and the broader society.
Policies designed to address homelessness may need to consider how people who experience housing instability perceive themselves in relation to those who have stable housing.
Another relational identity theory is George Herbert Mead's theory of "symbolic interactionism." According to this theory, individuals learn to act and think through interaction with others. This suggests that policies designed to promote inclusion should take into account how different communities interact with each other and what messages they send about inclusion. Policies aimed at promoting accessibility for disabled people, for instance, might include measures to ensure that community spaces are welcoming and accessible.
The theory of "relationships as resources" developed by Linda Skinner suggests that relationships are vital sources of support, information, and emotional nourishment. This means that policies aimed at promoting inclusion should consider how different groups interact with each other and how this affects their ability to access resources. Policies aimed at promoting economic mobility, for instance, could focus on creating pathways for marginalized groups to connect with more affluent ones.
Relational identity theories provide valuable insights into how individuals construct their identities based on interactions with others. These insights can inform inclusive policy development by considering how different groups interact with each other and how these interactions shape their sense of self. By taking into account the relational nature of identity, policymakers can design more effective policies that promote greater equality and inclusion.
How can relational identity theories inform inclusive policy development?
Relational identity theory posits that individuals experience themselves as being part of multiple identities and relationships within their social environment. This includes both intimate interpersonal connections (such as family and friends) and broader collective identities (such as religious, racial, and national groups). Accordingly, policies aiming to promote inclusivity must take into account these different dimensions of individual identities.