Social support networks are groups of people who provide emotional, practical, financial, informational, instrumental, appraisal, or companionship assistance to others. Research shows that individuals facing discrimination and stigmatization benefit from these kinds of networks because they enhance wellbeing, health, and quality of life.
A recent study showed that Black women living with HIV/AIDS who attended social support group sessions were more likely to adhere to their medication regimen than those who did not attend such sessions. In another study, transgender people reported feeling less lonely when connected to online support communities. These findings demonstrate how social support networks can reduce the negative impacts of discrimination and stigma. How do these networks achieve this? The following are four ways:
1) Social support networks can normalize experiences and create community cohesion
People experiencing discrimination may feel isolated and alone due to their unique experiences.
Being part of a social support network allows them to see that other people share similar struggles and have overcome them successfully. This normalizes their experiences and creates a sense of community cohesion. When members of a social support network help each other, they develop bonds based on mutual understanding and respect. These bonds foster trust, empathy, and resilience in the face of discrimination and stigmatization.
2) Social support networks can provide emotional and practical support
Discrimination and stigma often lead to psychological distress, including anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. Members of a social support network can offer emotional support by listening attentively, validating feelings, providing encouragement, and sharing coping strategies. Practical support includes financial aid, advice, referrals, and transportation. Such assistance helps individuals navigate challenging situations and improve their overall quality of life.
3) Social support networks can challenge prejudices and promote acceptance
Members of social support networks can learn about different perspectives and become more open-minded toward diverse groups. This can be achieved through active listening and engaging discussions where everyone is heard and valued. By increasing awareness and promoting tolerance, social support networks challenge prejudices that perpetuate discrimination and stigmatization. As such, these networks can transform attitudes and behaviors towards marginalized groups.
4) Social support networks can advocate for change
Advocacy involves speaking out against discriminatory practices and policies. By joining forces, members of social support networks can amplify their voices and influence decision-makers.
Transgender activists have used social media to organize campaigns and raise awareness about their rights. This has helped to increase public understanding of gender diversity and prompt governments to pass laws protecting trans people's rights.
Social support networks play an essential role in reducing the impact of discrimination and stigma. They provide emotional and practical assistance, normalize experiences, challenge prejudices, and advocate for change. To harness their potential, it is crucial to create inclusive and welcoming environments where all members feel safe and supported. Governments should also invest in social support networks as a way to address societal problems like poverty, inequality, and mental health issues.
How do social support networks reduce the impact of discrimination and stigma?
Social support networks are essential for reducing the negative effects of discrimination and stigma as they provide individuals with a sense of belongingness, empowerment, and acceptance. These support networks can be formed within communities, families, schools, workplaces, religious organizations, or online groups.