What are some common themes that emerge from research on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in military veterans? How does PTSD impact their ability to form close relationships and maintain intimacy? Let's explore these questions in this article.
The National Center for PTSD reports that around 11-20% of veterans who have served since World War II suffer from PTSD, characterized by recurring trauma-related thoughts, feelings, and memories. Veterans may experience flashbacks, nightmares, anxiety, depression, difficulty concentrating, irritability, insomnia, hypervigilance, or emotional numbing. These symptoms can lead to avoidance behaviors such as isolation, withdrawal, substance abuse, and aggression. The resulting social withdrawal can cause conflict in personal and professional relationships.
In terms of sexuality and intimacy, one study found that PTSD negatively affected veterans' desire for closeness and arousal levels during partnered sexual encounters.
Another study showed that PTSD was associated with increased sexual risk-taking behavior, including casual sex and extramarital affairs. These findings suggest that while PTSD may impair veterans' ability to connect emotionally, it may also drive them towards unhealthy coping mechanisms like physical intimacy. This can create tension within relationships and lead to further isolation.
One potential source of conflict is the desire for physical intimacy vs. the need for emotional connection. Some veterans may feel isolated due to their partners' lack of understanding or acceptance of their emotional needs. On the other hand, some partners may struggle with their spouse's trauma-induced withdrawal, feeling neglected or rejected. Communication breakdowns about these issues can lead to resentment, anger, and frustration.
Another factor contributing to relationship conflicts is the stigma surrounding mental health treatment. Veterans may be reluctant to seek help for fear of being labeled "weak" or "broken." Partners may feel frustrated by their loved ones not seeking treatment, leading to misunderstandings and mistrust.
Many veteran couples face unique challenges related to military life, such as frequent deployments, financial stressors, and cultural adjustments. These factors can strain even the most solid relationships.
So what can be done to address these conflicts? Firstly, it's important to recognize that both partners in a relationship are affected by PTSD. Therapy can help couples communicate better and work through trauma-related issues together. It can also provide tools to manage stress, anxiety, depression, and symptoms of PTSD. Couples counseling can teach skills to improve communication and resolve conflict constructively. Seeking support from family, friends, or community resources can also alleviate feelings of isolation and promote healing.
While PTSD can create significant barriers to intimacy and closeness, there are ways to overcome them. By recognizing and acknowledging each partner's needs, openly discussing difficult topics, and seeking professional help when needed, couples can maintain strong and fulfilling relationships despite this challenge.
What conflicts arise when veterans' desire for closeness is limited by trauma-induced emotional withdrawal?
Veterans may experience difficulties establishing close relationships due to their trauma-related emotional withdrawal, which can cause them to feel disconnected from others and struggle with intimacy. This can lead to frustration, loneliness, and feelings of isolation, which can further exacerbate their symptoms.