Sexual trauma is a broad term that covers various forms of sexual violence such as rape, incest, molestation, and harassment. It can have long-lasting effects on an individual's moral reasoning, relational competence, and post-service adjustment. This article will explore how these effects manifest themselves over time and what steps individuals can take to mitigate their impact.
Moral reasoning refers to the ability to make decisions based on ethical principles and considerations. Sexual trauma often disrupts this process by causing feelings of guilt, shame, and self-blame, leading people to question their own judgment and morality. They may develop a distorted view of right and wrong, wherein anything sexual is seen as inherently bad or dangerous. This can lead them to avoid intimate relationships altogether or engage in risky behaviors such as unprotected sex.
Relational competence refers to the ability to form healthy and fulfilling relationships. After experiencing sexual trauma, many survivors struggle with trust issues, boundaries, and communication. They may become hypervigilant around potential partners, constantly scanning for signs of danger and rejection. This can lead to difficulty forming close bonds and maintaining lasting relationships.
Post-service adjustment refers to the transition back into civilian life after military service. For survivors of sexual trauma, this can be particularly challenging due to the unique stresses associated with returning to society. They may experience symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and substance abuse.
They may struggle to find employment or housing due to stigma surrounding their experiences.
To address these long-term consequences, it's essential to seek professional help from trained counselors who specialize in trauma recovery. Therapy can provide a safe space to explore and process emotions related to the trauma while learning new coping strategies for managing triggers and negative thoughts. Support groups can also be helpful in connecting with others who have experienced similar trauma and providing a sense of community. It's crucial for individuals to practice self-care, prioritizing rest, exercise, and relaxation techniques.
Seeking out educational opportunities such as college or vocational training can help individuals build confidence and skills necessary for success outside the military.
What are the long-term consequences of sexual trauma for moral reasoning, relational competence, and post-service adjustment?
In terms of moral reasoning, research suggests that individuals who have experienced childhood abuse may develop a distorted sense of morality and an increased propensity towards criminal behavior as adults (Borowski & Koenig, 2017). Furthermore, exposure to traumatic experiences can impair an individual's ability to regulate their emotions and behave appropriately in interpersonal relationships, leading to difficulties in maintaining healthy relationships (Pearlman et al.