The phrase "internalized stigma" refers to the process through which individuals absorb negative societal attitudes about their identity group, leading them to internalize these beliefs and apply them to themselves.
If someone identifies as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, intersex, or asexual (LGBTQ+) and has been taught that this is wrong, immoral, or unacceptable, they may begin to believe it themselves and experience feelings of shame, guilt, or embarrassment. This can impact their relational satisfaction and sexual expression in several ways.
Internalized stigma can lead to difficulty forming healthy relationships because LGBTQ+ service members may struggle to open up about their identity and needs. They may fear rejection, judgment, or misunderstanding from potential partners who are not supportive of LGBTQ+ people.
They may feel pressure to hide or suppress their true selves for fear of losing their job or being kicked out of the military. These feelings of secrecy and self-concealment can create tension and distance between partners and ultimately undermine relationship quality.
Internalized stigma can also impact sexual expression by limiting what LGBTQ+ service members feel comfortable doing with their partner(s). They may worry about being seen as promiscuous or deviant, leading them to avoid certain activities or behaviors that others might consider normal. They may even struggle to initiate conversations about sex or intimacy due to anxiety over how their partner will respond. As a result, they may miss out on opportunities for pleasure and connection.
Internalized stigma can affect communication and trust within relationships. When someone feels ashamed or guilty about who they are, they may find it difficult to be honest and vulnerable with their partner(s), leading to misunderstandings and resentments. They may also struggle to set boundaries and assert their own needs and desires, which can lead to power imbalances and conflict.
Internalized stigma is a complex phenomenon that can negatively impact relational satisfaction and sexual expression in LGBTQ+ service members. It can create barriers to healthy relationships, communication, and pleasure.
With support and understanding, individuals can learn to challenge these negative beliefs and work towards greater acceptance and fulfillment in all areas of life.
How does internalized stigma impact relational satisfaction and sexual expression in LGBTQ+ service members?
Studies on stigmatization have found that it negatively affects an individual's self-esteem, body image, and sense of belongingness (Burnette et al. , 2019). Internalized stigma refers to when individuals perceive themselves as being flawed or inferior based on their group membership or identity (Livingston & Sellin, 2015).