Ethics of benefiting from unequal societal structures
Society is comprised of several structures such as economic, political, educational, religious, and cultural systems. These structures are responsible for shaping and governing individuals' lives within society. While some people actively benefit from these structures, others do so without active participation. This raises an ethical question regarding whether it is right to benefit from such structures, even if it is unintentional.
The argument that one can passively benefit from social inequality is often made using the example of capitalism. Capitalism is based on hierarchies wherein those who have more money and power control economic processes and resources. The system exploits and oppresses workers while enriching business owners.
Anyone who benefits from this structure, intentionally or otherwise, should be aware that they indirectly contribute to its continued existence and perpetuation.
Investors may earn returns from their investments in companies that participate in unfair labor practices, even though they did not set up policies that lead to abuse. Moreover, consumers support brands that treat workers poorly by purchasing products manufactured under low wages and unsafe conditions. By supporting a flawed system through their actions, individuals become complicit in its perpetuation.
Another scenario involving social inequality is voting rights. Many countries worldwide have voter suppression laws targeting certain groups, such as women, minorities, and low-income citizens. Those whose votes matter are privileged. They gain advantages over others who cannot vote. A person who casts their ballot might see themselves as helping advance democracy, yet their vote helps maintain the status quo. Similarly, one may benefit from educational systems that promote white supremacy or religious institutions that exclude people from other faiths. One's education or religion may provide opportunities that would not exist without these systems, but at what cost?
Benefiting from unequal societal structures is ethically questionable because it supports an unjust order. While there may be no malicious intent, the impact of passive participation can cause harm to those marginalized by these systems. Individuals must reflect on how they engage with society and challenge power imbalances rather than take advantage of them.
Is it ethical to benefit from social structures that perpetuate inequality, even passively?
No, it is not ethical to benefit from social structures that perpetuate inequality, even passively. Inequality can be defined as an unequal distribution of resources, power, and opportunities among individuals or groups within a society, which often results in unfairness and discrimination against certain groups of people. This kind of system is unethical because it goes against basic principles of fairness, equality, and justice.