Vaginal pH is an important measurement that helps monitor the health of the vagina. It refers to the acidity or alkalinity level of the vaginal environment and can range from 3.8 to 4.5. This article will explore how vaginal pH levels can change during menstruation, sexual activity, and infections.
During menstruation, hormones play a role in regulating vaginal pH levels. Estrogen levels drop, causing the mucus membrane lining of the vagina to become thinner and less acidic. Progesterone also plays a role in regulating vaginal pH levels, but in a different way. The combination of these changes can lead to an increase in bacterial growth, which can cause discharge and odors.
Sexual activity can also affect vaginal pH levels. Semen contains proteins and enzymes that can alter the pH balance of the vagina, making it more basic. Some people may experience temporary changes in vaginal pH after sex, which can last up to 24 hours. However, most research indicates that regular sexual activity does not have a significant long-term effect on vaginal pH levels.
Infections are another factor that can impact vaginal pH levels. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common type of vaginal infection and is caused by an imbalance of good and bad bacteria in the vagina. BV can cause abnormal discharge, itching, and a fishy smell. Treatment typically involves antibiotics and may also involve restoring the balance of good bacteria through probiotic supplements or creams. Yeast infections are also common and are caused by overgrowth of yeast in the vagina. Symptoms include itching, burning, and a thick, white discharge. Treatment for yeast infections includes antifungal medication.
Overall, maintaining healthy vaginal pH levels is important for overall vaginal health. This can be achieved through proper hygiene practices, wearing breathable underwear, avoiding douching, and using condoms during sexual activity. It's also important to seek medical attention if you experience persistent symptoms or unusual discharge.