Internalized Sexual Orientation Stigma and Intimate Relationships
What is sexual orientation stigma?
Sexual orientation stigma refers to negative attitudes and beliefs about people who identify as gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender. It can come from external factors such as family members, friends, religious leaders, teachers, politicians, or coworkers.
It also comes from internalizing those attitudes and believing them ourselves.
How does internalized sexual orientation stigma affect intimacy?
Internalized sexual orientation stigma can have many effects on intimate relationships. Here are some examples:
1. Feeling ashamed or embarrassed about one's identity can make it difficult to be open and honest in a relationship.
2. The fear of being rejected for one's sexuality can lead to avoiding intimacy altogether.
3. Low self-esteem and lack of confidence can prevent individuals from expressing their needs and desires.
4. Denying one's sexual orientation can create tension and distance between partners.
5. Internalized stigma can lead to anxiety and depression, which can negatively impact communication, trust, and connection with others.
6. Hiding one's true self can cause feelings of isolation, loneliness, and insecurity.
7. Not feeling comfortable exploring sexual desires and fantasies can limit the growth and development of an intimate relationship.
8. Feelings of guilt or shame may lead to difficulties with trust and intimacy over time.
9. Avoidance of touch, affection, or physical closeness can harm romantic connections.
Internalized sexual orientation stigma can hinder intimacy and authenticity in relationships.
Internalized sexual orientation stigma can seriously interfere with intimacy and intimacy-related behaviors such as sex, kissing, holding hands, cuddling, and sharing emotions. It is important to address these issues in therapy or with supportive friends and family members who are affirming of all identities. With help and understanding, people who experience this type of stigma can work towards greater acceptance and intimacy.
How does internalized sexual orientation stigma affect intimacy?
There is evidence that suggests that internalized sexual orientation stigma can have negative impact on individuals' ability to engage in romantic relationships and experience intimacy. Internalized homophobia, for example, has been associated with greater likelihood of experiencing depression and anxiety, which may make it difficult to form close bonds with others (Fredriksen & Fenton, 2014).