Systemic discrimination refers to prejudice, unequal treatment, and oppression based on a person's gender identity or sexual orientation. Marginalization is the process whereby individuals are excluded from social and economic structures that promote inclusion and equal opportunity. Both these factors can have profound effects on an individual's self-esteem, resilience, and agency, especially for members of the LGBTQ community.
The impact of systemic discrimination on self-esteem
Discriminatory attitudes towards LGBTQ people often result in feelings of shame and low self-worth. These negative messages about oneself come primarily from society at large but also from within one's own family or group. The constant experience of being told that one does not belong or fit into accepted norms takes its toll over time, leading to feelings of inadequacy and low self-regard.
Young gay men may hear that they are abnormal or unnatural, while transgender women may be referred to as "it" rather than "she". This can lead to depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues.
The impact of marginalization on resilience
Marginalized groups face barriers to access education, employment, housing, and medical care. They may also live in unsafe neighborhoods or communities with limited resources. Lack of access to basic necessities such as food, clothing, and shelter can reduce a person's ability to cope with stressors and bounce back after setbacks.
Marginalized individuals may lack a sense of belonging or support networks that help them through difficult times. As a result, they may feel isolated and alone, unable to rely on others for emotional support.
Impact on agency
Systemic discrimination and marginalization limit an individual's opportunities to make choices and take action to improve their lives. When LGBTQ individuals are excluded from educational programs, job markets, and other aspects of mainstream society, they lose the chance to build skills, earn income, and gain social capital. In addition, they may have difficulty accessing healthcare services tailored to their specific needs, further compromising their physical and psychological well-being. These factors contribute to low levels of personal empowerment and agency.
Systemic discrimination and marginalization create obstacles that affect every aspect of an LGBTQ person's life. Their self-esteem is diminished by negative messages about who they are, while their resilience is challenged by limited resources and social isolation.
These individuals struggle to exercise agency due to restrictions on their autonomy and decision-making power. Therefore, it is crucial to address systemic barriers to equality and provide equal opportunity for all members of our community.
How do systemic discrimination and marginalization affect self-esteem, resilience, and agency among LGBTQ people?
Systemic discrimination and marginalization have long been identified as major sources of stress for individuals belonging to sexual minority groups such as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) populations. Research has shown that these forms of oppression can negatively impact an individual's sense of worth and confidence, which are essential components of self-esteem.