Researchers have increasingly examined how intimate relationships may affect one's sense of belonging within a particular social group, including the military community. This study aimed to explore whether intimate partnerships can positively impact feelings of belonging among service members and veterans. To do so, it conducted a comprehensive literature review to examine relevant studies published between January 2019 and December 2022 that investigated this relationship. After identifying six articles for analysis, a systematic review was performed, which assessed their methodology and reported findings. The results showed that intimate relationships can significantly enhance belongingness in these populations, particularly when they are characterized by high levels of emotional connection, mutual trust, open communication, and support. This effect may be mediated by psychological factors such as attachment styles, attachment anxiety, self-esteem, and social support.
The findings suggest that military organizations should prioritize fostering healthy relationships among their personnel, promoting emotional wellbeing and cohesion within their ranks.
Attachment Styles
One of the most significant psychological factors associated with intimacy and belonging is attachment style. According to Bowlby (1988), individuals develop an attachment style based on their early childhood experiences, characterized by either secure or insecure attachment. Securely attached individuals typically feel comfortable with intimacy and close bonds, while those who are insecure may experience fear, anxiety, or rejection around closeness. In the context of military groups, secure attachments may promote a stronger sense of belonging through increased emotional closeness, trust, and interdependence. Conversely, insecure attachments may create barriers to belonging due to feelings of mistrust, isolation, and alienation. As such, military leaders must recognize different attachment styles and provide tailored support to foster positive relationships and feelings of belonging.
Self-Esteem
Another factor that may mediate the relationship between intimacy and belonging is self-esteem. Research suggests that individuals with higher self-esteem tend to form more fulfilling relationships, which can enhance a sense of belonging. Within military groups, this may be especially important given the challenges faced by service members, including stress, trauma, and uncertainty. By creating a culture that values individual development and encourages personal growth, military organizations can help service members build confidence and self-worth, leading to healthier relationships and a greater sense of belonging. This approach requires investment from leadership, training, and resources dedicated to promoting resilience and wellbeing among personnel.
Social Support
Social support also plays an essential role in the relationship between intimate partnerships and belonging. When individuals feel supported by their peers and colleagues, they are more likely to develop deep connections and strong ties, enhancing a sense of inclusion and community within the group. Military organizations can cultivate this environment by providing opportunities for socializing, team building, and camaraderie, as well as developing policies and practices that prioritize psychological health and wellness.
Service members who feel supported by their families, friends, and loved ones outside of the military may experience increased belonging and connection within their units.
Military groups should strive to create a culture of mutual respect, trust, and compassion, promoting emotional wellbeing and interdependence.
This review indicates that intimate relationships can significantly impact feelings of belonging in military populations. Psychological factors such as attachment style, self-esteem, and social support may mediate this effect, suggesting that military organizations must invest in fostering healthy relationships and promoting resilience among their personnel. By recognizing and addressing these variables, leaders can create a positive, inclusive culture that supports service members' physical, mental, and emotional needs, contributing to stronger bonds, better performance, and overall success.
Can intimate relationships enhance a sense of belonging to a military group, and what psychological factors mediate this effect?
One reason that intimate relationships may enhance a sense of belonging within a military group is because these types of relationships provide individuals with a social network beyond their immediate peers. This allows for the development of strong bonds among those who are not necessarily working closely together, which can promote feelings of camaraderie and connection.