Sexual coercion is an issue that has been present throughout human history, but it has become increasingly prevalent in recent years due to social changes like the rise of feminist movements and increased awareness of sexual assault. It refers to using force, threats, manipulation, or pressure to compel someone into participating in unwanted sexual activity. This can take various forms such as physical violence, verbal abuse, emotional blackmail, and even subtle gestures that make people feel uncomfortable or unsafe. While some victims may be able to move on after being forced into a sexual act, others experience long-term psychological consequences that affect them for years to come.
One of the most common long-term effects of sexual coercion is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). PTSD develops when someone experiences trauma, which causes feelings of fear, helplessness, and terror. These symptoms often persist beyond the event itself, leading to hypervigilance, anxiety, depression, flashbacks, and nightmares. Studies have found that military members who experienced sexual coercion are more likely to report symptoms of PTSD than those who did not. This can lead to problems with relationships, work performance, and mental health. Victims may also suffer from guilt, shame, and self-blame for allowing themselves to be violated. They may avoid sex altogether or engage in risky behavior to recapture the feeling of power they lost during the assault.
Another consequence is an increase in suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Sexual coercion causes intense emotions that can overwhelm a person's ability to cope, especially if they don't receive supportive care. People who have been sexually coerced may feel isolated, alone, and hopeless. They may believe their lives are ruined and see no way out other than death. Suicide attempts may become more frequent as time goes by, particularly among veterans who served in combat zones where sexual violence was prevalent. This impacts not only the victim but also their loved ones, who must deal with the pain of losing someone to suicide.
Social networks like families, friends, and communities are also affected by sexual coercion. Victims may withdraw from social interactions and avoid places where they could encounter their assailant again. Others may react with anger towards them, blaming them for being weak or promiscuous. The stigma associated with sexual coercion can make it difficult to seek help or support, leaving victims feeling even more isolated. Families may struggle with how to respond to the news, leading to tension and conflict within the household.
There are ways to prevent sexual coercion, such as educating military members on consent and respecting boundaries. Victims should be encouraged to seek medical attention immediately after an incident, so their health and wellbeing can be monitored. Mental health services should provide specialized treatment for PTSD and trauma-related issues. Communities need to promote empathy and understanding towards survivors, creating safe spaces for them to heal without judgment. Above all, we must work together to stop sexual coercion before it happens, which requires a culture shift that values consent and respect over power and domination.
What are the long-term psychological consequences of sexual coercion for service members and their social networks?
Sexual coercion can have several long-term psychological effects on both victims and perpetrators. For victims, it can lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, shame, guilt, self-blame, sleep disturbances, substance abuse, and even suicidal ideation.