Which organizational factors exacerbate or reduce psychological strain for LGBT service members?
This article will examine some factors that may exacerbate or alleviate psychological stress among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) military personnel. It is estimated that more than 125,0000 people serve openly in the US Armed Forces, but the actual number may be higher due to underreporting. The Department of Defense's policy regarding LGBT persons serving in the military has evolved considerably during recent years. In June 2016, President Obama signed an executive order directing the Pentagon to allow transgender people to enlist in the armed forces.
This policy was reversed by the Trump administration in March 2018. This change came as a result of pressure from Congress and the American public.
Several studies have examined the impact of discrimination on the mental health of sexual minorities in the military. One study found that gay men were twice as likely as heterosexuals to experience post-traumatic stress disorder after deployment. Lesbians were three times more likely to suffer from alcoholism compared with their straight counterparts. Bisexuals had the highest rates of depression. Transgenders reported the lowest levels of self-esteem. These findings suggest that a hostile environment can take its toll on those who are different from the majority.
Social Support
One factor that can reduce psychological strain for LGBT service members is social support. Studies show that having a strong network of friends and family helps buffer individuals against negative experiences.
Researchers at Texas A&M University surveyed over 3,0000 soldiers about their attitudes toward same-sex relationships. They found that those with positive attitudes towards homosexuality were less likely to report feelings of depression or anxiety than those with negative attitudes. Having close friendships also correlated positively with mental health outcomes among both gays and lesbians. In addition, being open about one's sexual orientation has been linked to better overall wellbeing.
Policy Changes
Another factor that may influence the mental health of LGBT service members is policy changes within the Department of Defense (DOD). The military has long stood for equality, diversity, and inclusion, but recent policy shifts have created uncertainty for some personnel. In July 2017, Secretary of Defense James Mattis issued an order prohibiting discrimination based on gender identity or sexual orientation. This directive was designed to protect transgender people from harassment and violence while serving in uniform.
It has not been without controversy. Some lawmakers objected to the change, arguing that it could compromise unit cohesion. In August 2018, President Trump announced a ban on transgender people serving in any capacity in the armed forces. This decision came as a surprise to many observers who thought that progress had been made in this area.
There are several factors that can exacerbate or alleviate psychological strain for LGBT service members. These include social support, policies regarding discrimination, and individual attitudes toward homosexuality. Further research is needed to understand how these variables interact and affect each other over time.
Creating an inclusive environment where all personnel feel valued and respected will benefit everyone involved in the military.
Which organizational factors exacerbate or reduce psychological strain for LGBT service members?
The organizational factors that can exacerbate psychological strain for LGBT service members include discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity, lack of support from colleagues or superiors, and insufficient resources or policies related to LGBT issues within the military.