The integration of LGBT service members into the US military is often characterized as a recent development, but it has actually been part of US policy since the Clinton administration's "Don't Ask Don't Tell" (DADT) policy was introduced in 1993. DADT allowed gay and lesbian troops to serve in silence, but did not allow them to acknowledge their sexual orientation openly while serving. This made it difficult for LGBT service members to maintain their identity integrity within heteronormative military cultures, where homophobia and transphobia were prevalent. In order to survive, many LGBT service members adopted different strategies to conceal their identities and protect themselves from discrimination and violence. Some avoided displaying physical affection in public spaces, others relied on coded language and humor to communicate with one another, and still others created networks of support among other LGBT service members.
Even these strategies could be dangerous and lead to discipline or discharge if discovered. The repeal of DADT in 2010 brought about significant changes in the military's approach to LGBT service members, allowing them to live more authentically and freely. While this newfound freedom has been welcomed by some, it has also led to increased visibility and scrutiny of LGBT individuals, which can make it challenging for them to maintain their identity integrity. Despite these challenges, LGBT service members continue to find ways to express their identities and maintain connection to each other, whether through social media groups, pride events, or simply sharing experiences with fellow service members who understand what they are going through.
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How do LGBT service members maintain identity integrity within heteronormative military cultures?
LGBT service members who maintain their identity integrity in the face of heteronormative military culture often find ways to assert themselves while also preserving relationships with others around them. One strategy that can be effective is to seek out other individuals who share similar identities and form support networks. Another approach involves finding allies among straight peers who are willing to stand up for them and challenge discriminatory attitudes when they arise.