Sexual morality is an integral part of many religions, particularly those that emphasize the importance of chastity and purity. Religious teachings often dictate what types of sexual behaviors are acceptable, such as marriage between a man and woman, abstinence until marriage, monogamy, and procreation. These moral values may be tied to concepts of holiness, which refers to the degree to which one's actions align with God's will or divine purpose.
In Christianity, Jesus said "Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God" (Matthew 5:8), suggesting that those who remain pure in their thoughts and actions will receive divine favor. This concept can also extend to other forms of purity, such as avoiding substance abuse or honesty in financial dealings.
In Islam, sex outside of marriage is forbidden, and those who engage in it are considered sinners. Muslims believe that Allah created human beings as pure creations and that sexual activity is meant to take place within the confines of marriage. The Quran states, "Do not approach women too closely for illicit intercourse" (24:30) and warns against adultery, which is punishable by stoning.
Islam encourages modesty and discourages public displays of affection.
Hinduism also has strict rules regarding sexual conduct, with many texts emphasizing the need for celibacy and self-control. According to Hindu scriptures, lust and desire must be overcome through spiritual practices like meditation and renunciation. Sexual relationships should only occur within a committed monogamous marriage between a husband and wife. In fact, some Hindus believe that sexual union is a sacred act between two souls, symbolizing the joining of Shiva and Shakti - the masculine and feminine aspects of creation.
Judaism also values chastity and modesty, but allows married couples to enjoy intimacy within certain boundaries. Jewish law prohibits extramarital sex, incest, and bestiality, among other acts. It also requires consent from both partners before any sexual encounter.
Judaism recognizes that sexual pleasure can be a gift from God and encourages spouses to explore their desires within the bounds of marriage.
For Buddhists, sexual behavior is part of the karmic cycle and can lead to negative consequences if pursued without restraint. Monks and nuns are expected to abstain completely from all forms of sexual activity.
Laypeople may engage in sex as long as it does not cause harm or violate social norms. This approach reflects the idea that all actions have consequences and that people should avoid greed, anger, and delusion.
Religious teachings on sexual morality often focus on the importance of purity, self-discipline, and commitment. These principles may align with ideas of holiness, virtue, and divine favor, suggesting that those who follow these guidelines will receive divine blessings and rewards.
How does sexual morality intersect with religious notions of holiness, virtue, and divine favor?
In many religions, sex is often viewed as something that must be strictly regulated and controlled due to its potential for causing sinful behavior such as lust, adultery, and promiscuity. The Bible, for example, teaches that marriage between one man and one woman is the only acceptable form of sexual expression and that any deviation from this norm is sinful (Genesis 2:24; Matthew 19:5).