In modern society, many people believe that abortion is an unethical practice that violates human rights, but in traditional cultures such as those found in Taiwan, abortion has been accepted since ancient times. This acceptance stems from the belief that every life has its own destiny to fulfill and that humans have no right to interfere with it.
This attitude towards abortion poses challenges when faced with advancements in science, technology, and societal norms. Taoist principles emphasize harmony between nature and individuals, which makes them open to new ideas while still respecting tradition. As a result, abortion decisions are complicated because they involve personal autonomy, familial expectations, and religious obligations.
One way that these principles influence abortion decisions is through the concept of "yin-yang balance." According to this principle, everything in the universe contains both masculine and feminine energy, and maintaining this balance is essential for health and well-being. If a woman becomes pregnant too early or late, her body may be out of sync with the natural cycle. Abortion can restore balance by removing the fetus before it takes root. Another factor influencing abortion decisions is the idea that pregnancy should occur within a family unit. Families often want grandchildren and hope to pass down their lineage, but if a couple cannot conceive naturally, they may choose to terminate a pregnancy to avoid shame and embarrassment. In addition, some couples use fertility treatments or adoption to complete their families instead of resorting to abortion.
While Taoism encourages acceptance of all things as part of the natural order, the moral code includes rules governing sexual behavior.
Sex outside marriage is considered immoral and can lead to unwanted pregnancies. Adultery is also seen as a serious offense, so women who become pregnant from extramarital affairs may consider abortion to save face.
Abortion is not always an easy decision, even when religious beliefs do not prohibit it. Parents may pressure their children into continuing with an unplanned pregnancy because they believe it is morally correct. They may also feel responsible for taking care of the child financially and emotionally. These tensions between personal autonomy and familial expectations can create stress and anxiety for individuals facing an unexpected pregnancy.
To make matters more complicated, Taiwan has laws that limit access to reproductive healthcare services, including contraception and abortion. The government recognizes that abortions are necessary in certain circumstances but places restrictions on who can perform them and what circumstances warrant them. This creates a tension between individual rights and societal obligations. While many people support legalized abortion, others oppose it on moral grounds, creating conflict within the population.
The decision to have an abortion involves balancing personal, family, and cultural values, which can be challenging for individuals navigating this complex issue.
How do Taoist ethical and spiritual principles in Taiwan influence abortion decisions, and what tensions arise between personal autonomy, familial expectations, and religious obligations?
Taiwan's population is diverse, including people of different ages, genders, cultural backgrounds, and socioeconomic statuses. Some may practice Taoism, while others follow other religions or no religion at all. Abortion has been legal since 1985, but there are some restrictions on late-term pregnancies.