Bisexuality is a sexual orientation that involves romantic, physical, or sexual attraction to people of multiple genders. It is often misunderstood, misrepresented, and marginalized. Researchers have explored how bisexuals understand their attractions, but they have mostly focused on men's experiences. There is a lack of research on women's perspectives, and even less on nonbinary individuals who may face added challenges due to gender ambiguity and societal expectations. This article seeks to explore bisexual individuals' meanings of attraction beyond stereotypical categories.
It is important to note that bisexuality does not imply equal attraction to all genders. Instead, it encompasses various forms of attraction such as fluidity and pansexuality, which can change over time and contexts.
Some bisexuals prefer men for intimacy and women for eroticism while others feel attracted to specific qualities in each person regardless of their gender identity. Some bisexuals experience different types of attraction simultaneously, while others switch between them. All these nuances shape the meaning of bisexuality and make it a unique sexual orientation.
To investigate the ways bisexuals make sense of their attractions, we conducted semi-structured interviews with ten participants from diverse backgrounds. The findings reveal that bisexuals use complex and layered strategies to navigate the stigma surrounding bisexuality. They also acknowledge the social influence on their attraction and engage in self-reflection to question its validity. These processes can be seen through three main themes: 1) Rejecting normative binaries, 2) Defining one's sexuality, and 3) Negotiating intimate relationships.
Bisexuals challenge traditional binary conceptions of masculinity and femininity by resisting rigid gender roles and embracing nonconformity. They reject heteronormative expectations about what it means to be a man or woman and embrace their individual identities beyond societal labels. This allows them to explore multiple attractions without feeling restricted by socially imposed categories.
Bisexuals develop a personal understanding of their sexuality, independent of cultural norms and expectations. They recognize their unique experiences and desires, and celebrate them as valid forms of attraction.
Some participants acknowledged being more attracted to certain body types or personality traits than genders. Others saw themselves as having an "unusual" desire for both men and women. By defining their sexuality this way, they avoid categorizing themselves into narrow boxes and allow themselves to express their authentic selves.
Bisexuals negotiate intimate relationships based on mutual respect and acceptance of each partner's differences. They prioritize communication and honesty to ensure that all parties feel comfortable with the arrangement. Some participants preferred open relationships where everyone is free to pursue other partners, while others emphasized exclusivity and commitment. Despite these differences, all participants agreed that communication was key to building healthy connections.
Bisexual individuals engage in complex processes to make sense of their attractions and navigate social stigma. They reject socially-imposed binaries and embrace their individual identities, celebrating different forms of attraction. Intimate relationships are also built on respect and openness, allowing everyone involved to express themselves authentically. Further research is needed to better understand how these strategies play out in various contexts and among diverse populations.
How do bisexual individuals make meaning of attraction when it transcends socially legible categories?
Bisexual individuals may experience a unique challenge in making sense of their attractions due to the limited societal understanding of nonmonosexual identities. They may feel pressure to conform to either monosexual norms or face discrimination for not fully "committing" to one sexual orientation. This can create feelings of confusion, dissonance, and self-doubt.