Transgender and nonbinary young people face unique challenges when it comes to their sexual orientation and gender identity, including higher rates of homelessness than cisgender peers. According to the National Alliance to End Homelessness, an estimated 40% of homeless youth identify as LGBTQ+, and up to 46% of those experience homelessness due to family rejection based on their sexual orientation or gender identity. In addition, many trans youth are forced to engage in survival strategies that can be harmful to their physical and mental health, such as trading sex for shelter or engaging in risky behaviors like drug use. This paper will explore how intersection with homelessness affects the survival strategies of trans youth and what policies and programs could help mitigate these harms.
The intersections between homelessness and gender identity create particular vulnerabilities for transgender youth. Trans youth who are experiencing homelessness may feel unsafe accessing shelters or other services because they fear being outed or mistreated due to their gender identity. This lack of access to safe spaces can lead to increased risk-taking behavior, such as substance abuse or prostitution, which further exacerbates their already precarious situation.
Trans youth who have experienced trauma from family members or society at large may turn to criminal activity as a means of survival, putting them at greater risk of arrest and incarceration.
Another factor contributing to the prevalence of homelessness among trans youth is the high rate of discrimination and violence against this population. Transgender people face higher rates of assault, joblessness, poverty, and housing instability than cisgender individuals, making it difficult to find stable employment or housing. Without access to basic needs like food and shelter, some trans youth may resort to extreme measures to survive, including selling drugs or participating in illegal activities.
Many trans youth experience a lack of support from family members or friends, leading to isolation and loneliness that can make coping mechanisms more challenging. In addition, the stigma associated with transgender identities can prevent trans youth from seeking help from professionals or peers, increasing their likelihood of engaging in risky behaviors.
Trans youth may struggle with mental health issues related to their gender identity, which can compound these factors and further increase their vulnerability.
Despite these challenges, several policies and programs exist to support trans youth experiencing homelessness.
Some shelters are specifically designed for LGBTQ+ individuals, offering safe spaces where they can connect with peers and receive medical care. Housing initiatives targeted towards LGBTQ+ youth also provide important resources for those who have been displaced due to rejection by families or other social groups.
Organizations such as True Colors Fund work to advocate for transgender rights and raise awareness about the unique struggles faced by this community. These efforts can create more inclusive environments that promote resilience among transgender youth and reduce the need for high-risk strategies for survival.
How does intersection with homelessness affect survival strategies of trans youth?
Transgender people have unique experiences because they are often ostracized from mainstream society due to their gender identity. They frequently face discrimination based on gender stereotypes and misconceptions about sexual orientation. Additionally, they may experience violence and harassment. Trans youth is also more vulnerable to poverty and homelessness than other groups because many families reject them or kick them out when they come out as trans.