In the early twentieth century, bisexuality was rarely discussed openly. The term "bisexual" was coined in 1892 but did not gain widespread acceptance until the 1960s and 1970s when activists began organizing around gay rights issues. At that time, many people still believed that homosexuality was an illness that needed to be cured. Bisexuals were often seen as promiscuous and unable to commit to one partner, which led to stigma and discrimination within both straight and LGBTQ+ communities.
Some individuals began to challenge these stereotypes and advocate for greater visibility and inclusion within the larger movement.
Early Activism
The earliest efforts towards bisexual visibility came from organizations like the Gay Liberation Front, which emerged out of the Stonewall Riots in New York City in 1969. They challenged binary concepts of gender and sexuality, including the notion that there were only two genders and that everyone should fit into them neatly. This radical approach paved the way for more diverse understandings of identity and helped make space for bisexual individuals to come out publicly.
Bisexual Manifesto
In 1990, bisexual activist Robyn Ochs published a manifesto called "Bisexuality: Myth and Reality," which argued that bisexuality is a valid and distinct orientation separate from hetero- or homosexuality. She emphasized the importance of self-identification, individual choice, and fluidity in sexual expression. Her work contributed to changing attitudes about bisexuality within the broader LGBTQ+ community.
Increased Visibility
As the internet and social media became more widespread, bisexual individuals began to use online platforms to share their experiences and connect with others. Celebrities such as Angelina Jolie, Mila Kunis, and Megan Rapinoe have also spoken openly about their bisexuality, further normalizing it in mainstream culture. Today, many people view bisexuality not just as a sexual orientation but also as an identity marker that can coexist with other aspects of one's life.
How has the perception of bisexuality evolved within the broader LGBTQ+ movement from the 20th century to the present?
The perceived status of bisexuality as an identity within the larger LGBTQ+ community has undergone significant changes over time, moving from being viewed as a passing phase to a legitimate sexual orientation in its own right. In the early 20th century, bisexuality was often dismissed as a manifestation of promiscuity or confusion, with many individuals who identified as bisexual facing discrimination and stigma due to their sexual orientation.