Sexual Coercion is defined as the act of pressuring someone to engage in unwanted sexual activities through force, threats, manipulation, or misuse of power. This can be anything from unwanted touching, kissing, or other physical contact to verbal harassment and rape. It may occur between strangers or acquaintances, but it is more common in romantic relationships. Sexual coercion has long-term effects on an individual's mental health, interpersonal functioning, and post-service adaptation that need to be addressed for the person to live a full life.
Impact on Mental Health
Sexual coercion can lead to feelings of shame, guilt, anxiety, depression, trauma, low self-esteem, and PTSD. The victim may experience flashbacks, nightmares, hypervigilance, and panic attacks due to the traumatic event. They may also develop substance abuse problems, eating disorders, and suicidal thoughts. Long-term psychological damage can affect their daily functioning and social interactions, leading to isolation and withdrawal. Victims may feel guilty and blame themselves, making it difficult to trust others and build healthy relationships.
Interpersonal Functioning
Sexual coercion can impact one's ability to form healthy intimate relationships. Victims may avoid sex altogether or become promiscuous, seeking validation outside of committed partnerships. This can cause relationship conflict and dysfunction, as they struggle with communication and trust issues. They may find it challenging to open up emotionally and express needs, creating a cycle of loneliness and dissatisfaction. In addition, victims may have difficulty establishing boundaries, leading to further violations.
Post-Service Adaptation
The aftermath of sexual coercion can significantly impact one's ability to reintegrate into society after service. Victims may suffer from symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), including irritability, hyperarousal, and emotional numbing. They may be unable to return to work, school, or other normal activities, causing significant economic hardship and social isolation. Sexual coercion victims often need ongoing therapy, support groups, and self-care practices to heal.
How do experiences of sexual coercion impact long-term mental health, interpersonal functioning, and post-service adaptation?
Sexual coercion can have a significant impact on an individual's mental health, interpersonal functioning, and post-service adaptation. According to research, individuals who experience sexual coercion may develop symptoms of depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and other forms of trauma-related distress. They may also struggle with trust issues, difficulty forming and maintaining relationships, and difficulties in their professional life.