Shinto is one of Japan's oldest religions, dating back to prehistoric times when ancient peoples worshipped nature gods. In contrast to many other world religions, it does not have strict doctrines about sexual behavior; rather, it emphasizes purity and respect towards the divine. This approach makes Shinto distinct from other faiths that view sexuality as sinful or shameful. Instead, Shinto practitioners view sexuality as an expression of life force and a way to connect with the natural world.
The traditional view of sexuality in Shinto is based on the idea of kami, which means "spirit" or "god." According to this belief system, humans are born out of a union between yin and yang energies, which are embodied in male and female deities. This concept recognizes sexual intimacy as a sacred act, and it views procreation as a way to honor the divine. As such, Shinto priests often bless newlyweds before their wedding night and perform rituals to ensure a healthy relationship.
Despite its tolerant attitude toward sex, however, Shinto rarely promotes complete abstinence outside marriage. The religion recognizes that sexual desire is part of human nature, and therefore it encourages people to control their impulses and express themselves responsibly. Some sects even promote polygamy or polyandry, while others allow extramarital affairs under certain circumstances. Nevertheless, monogamous marriages remain the norm for most Japanese families, reflecting broader cultural values.
This acceptance of sexuality has led to some surprisingly liberal attitudes in Japan, where pornography is widely available and prostitution is legal. Many Japanese people see no contradiction between these practices and their religious beliefs because they understand them as expressions of sexual energy rather than acts of depravity. In fact, some Shinto shrines offer fertility services that involve sexual contact between couples seeking to conceive children.
Strict asceticism remains rare among Shinto practitioners. While some followers may choose to refrain from sex entirely, few do so due to religious reasons. Instead, they are likely motivated by personal preference or social pressure.
Many Buddhist temples require celibacy for monks, leading some Shinto priests to adopt similar lifestyles.
These practices have not had a significant impact on mainstream attitudes towards sex in Japan, which remain largely open-minded and progressive.
Why is strict sexual asceticism rare in Shinto, and what are the implications for cultural and religious attitudes toward sexuality?
Sexual asceticism has been largely uncommon among practitioners of Shinto because it runs counter to many of its core values, which emphasize an affinity with nature and the natural world, as well as a respect for the divine energy that pervades all things.