The vaginal fluid is a clear, slippery substance that is produced naturally by the glands surrounding the vagina. It is often referred to as "vaginal discharge" or "vaginal lubrication." During the reproductive years, the vaginal discharge changes in consistency and amount due to hormonal fluctuations caused by the menstrual cycle.
During ovulation, the ovaries release an egg into one of the fallopian tubes, which then travels through it toward the uterus. The release of estrogen and progesterone causes the cervix to produce more mucous, making it thicker and whiter than usual. This thick, white discharge is known as "eggwhite cervical mucus," and it helps sperm swim upward towards the egg for fertilization. If no pregnancy occurs, these hormones will decrease again, causing the mucus to thin out and return to its normal color and consistency.
In the luteal phase, after ovulation, the body prepares itself for another possible pregnancy. Progesterone levels rise, leading to increased blood flow to the vaginal walls, resulting in more vaginal secretions. This increased production of discharge is part of the body's natural preparation for a potential conception. However, if there is no fertilized egg, this process stops and hormone levels fall once again.
The vaginal fluid can vary in smell and taste depending on diet, exercise level, stress, bacterial balance, and other factors. It may have a slight odor that is similar to semen or sweat, but should not be unpleasant. Vaginal fluids are produced constantly by the glands surrounding the vagina and serve various functions such as cleansing, lubricating, and protecting against infections.
Females who use tampons may notice an increase in their vaginal discharge when using them. Tampons can absorb some of the moisture from inside the vagina, which leads to dryness and itchiness. Additionally, tampons can trap bacteria and create an environment where yeast infections can thrive. To avoid these problems, change your tampon regularly and use a low-absorbency type.
If you experience changes in vaginal discharge outside of the menstrual cycle, such as a foul odor, burning sensations, itching, or abnormal color, consult a healthcare provider for further evaluation.