The question of how religions shape morality has been a subject of intense debate throughout history. Religious frameworks provide a set of values and beliefs that guide individuals' actions and behaviors. This paper will explore how religious frameworks can influence an individual's understanding of sexual violence and its relational consequences. Sexual violence is defined as any unwanted sexual contact or behavior without consent from all parties involved. It includes rape, groping, coercion, harassment, stalking, voyeurism, exhibitionism, child molestation, incest, sexual assault, and many other forms.
Religion has played a significant role in shaping societal attitudes towards sexual violence for centuries. Some religious traditions emphasize abstinence until marriage and prohibit extramarital sex. Others view women as property and objectify them as objects to be possessed and controlled. Still, others consider homosexuality sinful and punishable by death. These views have contributed to social norms that normalize sexual violence against women and LGBTQ+ people.
The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) justifies sexual slavery as permissible under Sharia Law, which allows men to take enslave female prisoners of war as sex slaves. Similarly, Christian fundamentalists believe that a husband should control his wife's body and make all decisions about her reproductive choices. In both cases, religion shapes societal attitudes regarding sexual violence.
Religious frameworks often perpetuate harmful myths and stereotypes about sexual violence victims. They blame survivors for their experiences, viewing them as 'temptresses' who deserve retribution. This victim-blaming attitude leads to silencing and denial of survivor stories, leaving them with little recourse for justice or healing. The Catholic Church, for instance, repeatedly denied accusations of clerical sexual abuse, labeling victims as liars and accusers. As a result, predators were not held accountable, and children continued to suffer.
Religious frameworks also shape how individuals think about the relational consequences of sexual violence. Victims may feel shame, guilt, fear, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, suicidal thoughts, and other mental health issues. They may experience difficulty trusting others, forming intimate relationships, and feeling safe in their bodies. Religious teachings can reinforce this by preaching forgiveness over accountability and shaming those who speak out against perpetrators. This can prevent victims from seeking help and support, exacerbating the trauma they have already experienced.
Religious frameworks have profound implications for moral reasoning regarding sexual violence and its relational consequences. They can normalize sexual violence, perpetuate harmful stereotypes about survivors, and discourage victims from seeking help. It is essential to acknowledge these effects and work towards creating more equitable societies where all people are treated with dignity and respect, regardless of gender, race, class, religion, or sexual orientation.
How do religious frameworks influence moral reasoning regarding sexual violence and its relational consequences?
Religious frameworks often guide individuals' moral reasoning about sexual violence and its relational consequences due to cultural values and norms that are deeply ingrained within them. Religions may emphasize gender roles, social hierarchies, and personal responsibility, which can lead individuals to make moral judgments based on these factors rather than solely focusing on the harm caused by sexual violence.