Religion is an important aspect of human life that has been used to regulate various aspects of society, including morality. One such moral issue that has been heavily influenced by religion is love, desire, and longing. While some religious teachings promote positive and healthy desires, others consider certain forms of desire to be sinful or even dangerous. This article will explore how different religions view and define appropriate and dangerous desires.
Catholicism
The Catholic Church teaches that all forms of lust are sinful and should be avoided. The Catechism states that "Lust is disordered desire for or inordinate enjoyment of sexual pleasure" and that "Sexual pleasure is morally disordered when sought for itself, isolated from its procreative and unitive purposes." This teaching means that all sexual acts outside of marriage are considered sinful, including masturbation, premarital sex, homosexuality, and extramarital affairs. According to this interpretation of the Bible, lust can lead to harmful consequences such as addiction, disease, and emotional damage. Therefore, Catholics must resist their base urges and seek purification through prayer and confession.
Islam
In Islam, desire is seen as a natural part of human nature, but it must be controlled and directed towards God. The Quran says that Allah created humans with "desire that becomes tranquil only with lawful things," meaning that humans need to satisfy their desires within the boundaries of Islamic law. Muslims believe that sexual desire is permissible within marriage but not before or after it. Islam also prohibits same-sex relationships and promiscuous behavior.
Certain types of non-procreative sexual acts like oral sex and anal sex are permitted if they do not involve intercourse. In addition to regulating sexual activity, Islam encourages self-restraint and moderation in all areas of life, emphasizing the importance of controlling one's impulses and desires.
Hinduism
Hinduism recognizes that sexual desire is an integral part of human existence, but it should not be indulged without restraint. According to the Bhagavad Gita, "Kama is born from passion and leads to attachment," which can cause pain and suffering. Hindus believe that by practicing yoga and meditation, people can control their desires and use them for spiritual growth rather than material gain. While some forms of intimacy may be acceptable, such as marital love between husband and wife, other forms such as premarital sex or extramarital affairs are considered immoral. Hindus also promote chastity and celibacy, which allows individuals to focus on their spiritual development instead of physical pleasures.
Judaism
Jewish teachings emphasize the importance of modesty and discretion when it comes to love and longing. Jewish texts stress the dangers of lust and encourage believers to avoid temptations that could lead to sinful actions.
The Torah warns against adultery, incest, and bestiality. Jews view marriage as a sacred union between two partners who must remain faithful to each other.
Certain acts like oral and anal sex are forbidden in Judaism because they are seen as destructive to family units and relationships. The Talmud advises couples to engage in activities that strengthen their bond outside of the bedroom, such as conversations about philosophy and literature.
Christianity
Like Catholicism, Christianity views sexual desire as something that must be controlled and directed towards God. The Bible states that "fleshly desires wage war against the soul." Christians believe that any form of sexual activity outside of marriage is sinful, including masturbation, pornography, and same-sex relationships.
Within marriage, Christians are encouraged to express their love and affection freely but with moderation. Some Christian denominations have strict rules regarding intimacy, while others allow for more flexibility.
Christianity promotes self-control and discipline in all aspects of life, including romantic relationships.
Religion has played an important role in shaping societal attitudes towards desire and longing. While some religions promote positive forms of desire, others warn against dangerous ones. It's essential to understand these differences when considering one's own beliefs and values around love and lust.
In what ways does religion define acceptable versus dangerous longing?
Religion typically defines acceptable longing as an aspiration that is consistent with the values of the faith and its followers. This may include a desire for material wealth, status, or power, but only if such desires are not pursued at the expense of other individuals or groups, and if they do not interfere with religious obligations.