The concept of virtue is closely linked to self-discipline and self-control. Religious teachings often emphasize that controlling one's desires and urges, particularly sexual ones, is necessary for achieving spiritual purity. This view sees virtue as something that can be attained through constant effort and willpower, rather than being innate or inherently present within an individual. The idea of temptation is also central to these teachings, as it implies that human nature must be constantly resisted in order to achieve holiness.
Throughout history, religion has been used to justify various forms of social control, including gender roles, marriage laws, and sexual norms. In some cases, religious leaders have sought to regulate sexual behavior as part of their authority over individuals' lives.
Medieval priests claimed moral authority over lay people's sex lives and marriage decisions.
In modern times, many religions continue to place strict restrictions on what is acceptable behavior between men and women. These rules often include prohibitions against premarital sex, adultery, homosexuality, and masturbation. In some cases, religious teachings may even go so far as to suggest that physical pleasure itself is evil or sinful.
Religious teachings on sex and relationships are sometimes criticized for promoting shame and guilt around natural human desires. Some scholars argue that this can lead to psychological harm, particularly in those who struggle with compulsive or addictive behaviors related to sex. Others point out that the cultural power of such teachings can lead to oppression and marginalization of non-conforming identities.
Some individuals find comfort and strength in the sense of community that comes from practicing a shared set of beliefs. For them, religious teachings on virtue provide a framework for living a meaningful life. Religious groups may also offer support and resources for those seeking to overcome addiction or other challenges.