Intersectionality is a term coined by Kimberlé Crenshaw that refers to the idea that people experience discrimination based on multiple identities such as gender, race, class, ability, age, religion, sexual orientation, etc., simultaneously. These experiences can impact how individuals cope with stressors and develop resiliency skills.
A Black transgender woman who lives below the poverty line may be exposed to more discrimination than a white cisgender man who earns high income due to intersecting factors such as race, gender, socioeconomic status, and sexual orientation. This intersectional identity can shape how she copes with life challenges, which affect her psychological well-being. Studies have shown that individuals with multiple marginalized identities are less likely to seek help for mental health issues because they fear being stigmatized and misunderstood by professionals. They might also feel ashamed or guilty for experiencing distress associated with their identities.
These individuals often face unique barriers in accessing services like transportation, language, cultural competency, and affordability. As a result, they may rely on informal support systems from within their communities to manage emotional difficulties. In addition to external factors, internal processes like perceptions of self-worth, belief in personal agency, and social connections play a role in developing resilience.
Research suggests that those with multiple marginalized identities tend to have lower levels of perceived control over life events and higher levels of negative thinking patterns compared to those without such identities. To foster resilience, individuals need supportive relationships, community involvement, and opportunities to challenge harmful stereotypes and biases. Community-based programs and policies that target specific populations, promote inclusivity, and provide resources tailored to their needs can improve outcomes for this population.
How do intersectional identities, encompassing race, socioeconomic status, disability, and sexual orientation, influence coping mechanisms and psychological resilience?
Intersectional identities have been found to play a significant role in shaping an individual's coping strategies and psychological resilience. Research has shown that individuals with multiple marginalized identities are more likely to experience greater levels of stress, anxiety, and depression compared to those with fewer intersecting identities.