Sexual morality is defined as a set of moral rules related to human sexual behavior, usually encompassing topics such as adultery, contraception, fornication, homosexuality, incest, prostitution, rape, marriage, childbirth, and gender roles. Religious teachings often present certain behaviors as right or wrong based on their perceived impact on society and the individual soul's relationship with God.
These teachings can create double standards that persist psychologically, which can lead to harmful consequences for individuals and societies alike. This essay will explore how religious sexual morality creates double standards that persist psychologically, focusing specifically on three key areas: the double standard between men and women, the double standard between heterosexuals and non-heterosexuals, and the double standard between those who follow the faith and those who do not.
Double Standard Between Men and Women
One example of a double standard created by religious sexual morality concerns male and female sexuality. Many religions, particularly Christianity, have historically placed greater restrictions on women's sexual expression than on men's.
While most religions frown upon premarital sex in general, Christianity has traditionally viewed it as far more shameful for unwed women than for unwed men. The Bible states that "fornicators and adulterers.shall have their part in the lake which burneth with fire and brimstone," but only mentions one man (Lot) being tempted by his daughters after fleeing Sodom and Gomorrah (Genesis 19:8).
While men are encouraged to pursue multiple partners throughout their lives, women are expected to remain chaste until marriage. As a result, many women feel pressured to suppress their sexual desires and conform to restrictive gender roles, leading to increased stress, anxiety, and depression.
Double Standard Between Heterosexuals and Non-Heterosexuals
Another type of double standard relates to sexual orientation. While most religions condemn homosexual behavior as sinful, they often ignore or excuse heterosexual promiscuity.
The Bible says that "the wages of sin is death" (Romans 6:23), but it does not mention anything about the specific sins involved. Moreover, the Quran instructs Muslim men to marry up to four wives, effectively permitting polygamy, yet still prohibits same-sex relationships. This double standard creates confusion and anxiety among those who identify as LGBTQ+ and can lead to feelings of isolation, stigma, and self-loathing.
Double Standard Between Believers and Non-Believers
Some religious teachings create a double standard between believers and non-believers. Many Christian denominations require members to follow strict sexual codes in order to participate fully in church life, such as abstaining from sex before marriage or avoiding certain types of contraception.
These rules may be viewed as hypocritical by non-Christians who do not hold themselves to similar standards. This discrepancy can lead to misunderstandings and resentment within communities, particularly if non-adherents are excluded from leadership positions due to their beliefs. In addition, many people find it difficult to reconcile their personal values with those of a religion they were raised in, leading to guilt, shame, and anger.
Religious sexual morality creates persistent psychological double standards that can have serious consequences for individuals and society at large. By recognizing and addressing these double standards, we can work towards greater equality, acceptance, and understanding.