How religions teach sexist ideologies
Religion is a powerful force that shapes human behavior. It often justifies gender roles and stereotypes, including those related to sexuality. Religious texts describe gender relations and offer moral guidance based on these descriptions. They are full of stories about men and women interacting sexually in various contexts. These narratives promote sexist beliefs and practices, reinforcing them throughout generations. Let's explore how religious teaching naturalizes sexual inequality through theological narratives.
One example comes from Christianity, which values chastity and promotes heterosexual monogamy. In Genesis, God creates Adam before Eve, who was made out of his rib bone (Genesis 2:18-24). This suggests that male beings have priority over female ones. In addition, Eve eats the forbidden fruit first (Genesis 3:6), implying that she is more sinful than Adam. She is punished for her act by being cursed and subjugated to him (Genesis 3:16). According to these narratives, men are superior to women because they were created first, while women are inferior due to their supposed weaknesses.
Another example comes from Islamic tradition, which emphasizes male dominance in marriage. The Quran states that "men have authority over women" because Allah has ordained it (Quran 4:34). This verse allows husbands to discipline their wives physically if needed. Also, Muhammad says that women are deficient in intelligence and faith compared to men (Hadith 5:590). Islamic culture has institutionalized such views, with polygamy allowed and divorce laws favoring men. Many imams claim that gender roles stem from divine law and should not change.
In Hinduism, patriarchy also persists as a result of religious teachings. The Bhagavad Gita states that womanhood means "taking birth on the platform of passion." Women are seen as materialistic and sexually driven, while men must control their lusts through self-discipline (Bhagavad Gita 2.37). This view degrades femininity and promotes male supremacy. Similarly, Shiva Purana describes Shakti, the Goddess, as a temptress who distracts men from spiritual growth (Shiva Purana 2.8.33-38). Such narratives encourage males to repress sexuality for social and religious reasons, reinforcing rigid gender norms.
These examples illustrate how religions can naturalize gender inequality through theological narratives. They influence belief systems and practices, shaping relationships between men and women. Religious education reinforces these ideas, perpetuating traditional values across generations.
Some scholars argue against them, challenging conservative interpretations and proposing alternatives.