In this paper, I will explore how phenomenological methods can be used to understand and describe the lived experience of internal moral struggles. Phenomenology is a philosophical approach that examines human experience from the perspective of the individual experiencing it, rather than as an objective observer. This means that it seeks to capture the essence of what it feels like to live through a particular situation or event, including the subjective qualities of perception, consciousness, memory, thought, emotions, and action. By exploring the complexity of these experiences, phenomenology provides insight into the nuances of human existence, including the ways in which individuals navigate their own ethical dilemmas and make decisions about right and wrong.
One example of this application of phenomenology is the study of moral decision-making processes. Moral decisions are often seen as rational choices based on principles and values, but they also involve a wide range of emotional factors such as guilt, shame, fear, empathy, and compassion. Phenomenologists argue that these emotions are essential components of the moral experience, shaping how we perceive ourselves and others, and influencing our actions. Through careful observation and reflection, we can begin to understand how these emotions interact with each other and how they contribute to the overall process of making moral judgments.
Another way in which phenomenology can illuminate the inner life of moral struggle is by examining the relationship between self and Other. In many cases, moral dilemmas arise when an individual is confronted with conflicting demands from different parties, such as family members, friends, co-workers, or society at large. Phenomenological methods can help us understand how these relationships shape our understanding of right and wrong, and how we negotiate them within ourselves.
We might ask questions such as: How do I see myself in relation to the people around me? What are my expectations for myself and others? What role does power play in my moral decision-making? How do my beliefs and attitudes inform my behavior?
Phenomenology can be applied to the subjective experience of internal conflict itself. This includes the tension between competing values, desires, and obligations, as well as the psychological impact of making difficult choices. By describing this experience in detail, phenomenology allows us to explore its nuances and complexities, revealing new insights about the human condition. We might ask questions such as: What are the emotional consequences of my choices? How do I feel afterward? Do I regret my decisions, and if so, why? Can I find peace within myself despite my struggles?
Phenomenology provides a rich framework for exploring the lived experience of internal moral struggle. By focusing on the complexity of human consciousness and action, it offers valuable insight into the ways in which individuals navigate ethical dilemmas and make moral judgments. While there is no single "correct" way to apply this approach, researchers have used it successfully to study everything from medical ethics to environmental policy to social justice issues. As we continue to grapple with increasingly complex ethical challenges, phenomenology will undoubtedly remain an important tool for understanding our own inner lives and the world around us.
How can phenomenology provide insight into the lived experience of internal moral struggle?
Phenomenology is a philosophical movement that focuses on the study of human experiences and perceptions. It considers how individuals perceive their environment and interact with it. Internal moral struggles are personal and individual, meaning they cannot be studied objectively through scientific methods. Phenomenology provides an important lens for understanding these complex emotions and thoughts because it emphasizes subjectivity.