In many cultures around the world, myths and legends portray gender diversity as an essential part of human existence.
These same societies often struggle to accept gender fluidity and nonbinary identities in their daily lives. This disconnect raises important questions about why some people continue to cling to traditional binary categories despite evidence suggesting they are harmful and outdated. By examining how societies reconcile myth with reality, we can gain insight into the roots of prejudice and discrimination against gender nonconforming individuals.
The idea that there are only two genders is deeply ingrained in Western society. Gender is usually defined as "the range of characteristics pertaining to, associated with, or exhibited by masculinity and femininity," but this definition leaves out many other possibilities, such as agender, bigender, demigender, and intersex. While some people argue that recognizing multiple genders would undermine sexism, others contend that the denial of nonbinary identities perpetuates it by forcing everyone into rigid roles based on genitals instead of personal experience.
One reason for this divide may be the historical erasure of nonbinary identities. In ancient Greece, transgender people were accepted as a natural phenomenon and even worshiped as gods, but as Christianity became dominant, this tradition was suppressed. Similarly, indigenous cultures around the world have long embraced two-spirit individuals, who embody both male and female spirits within one body. Yet colonialist forces often criminalized or erased these practices, leading to modern societies where gender diversity is stigmatized.
Another factor contributing to the gap between myth and reality may be social norms. Many cultures expect men and women to adhere to strict gender roles, which reinforce stereotypes about what it means to be masculine or feminine. This pressure can lead to intense shame and self-loathing among those who do not fit neatly into binary categories. As a result, many people feel pressured to conform or hide their true selves, resulting in mental health issues like anxiety and depression.
Rejecting gender diversity has real consequences beyond individual wellbeing. Studies show that discrimination against LGBTQ+ people increases risk factors for physical and mental illnesses, including suicide. Nonbinary individuals are also more likely to face discrimination and violence, including from medical professionals who refuse to provide care unless they adhere to binary categories. By denying identity, society harms all people, regardless of whether they identify as cisgender.
We must work to bridge the divide between myth and reality by challenging gender binaries in our everyday lives. We can start by educating ourselves about nonbinary identities, advocating for inclusive policies, and supporting organizations that serve trans communities. By recognizing the fluidity of gender, we can create a world where everyone feels safe and accepted, just like the gods of old.
Why do societies that celebrate gender diversity in myth often reject it in reality?
Societies that celebrate gender diversity in myth may reject it in reality due to various reasons. One reason is that such narratives could be viewed as challenging traditional norms and values associated with gender roles and identities. This can lead to social stigmatization of individuals who choose to defy these societal expectations and lead them towards self-doubt or even discrimination by others.