The current study investigates how unit-level inclusivity affects social integration and relationship outcomes for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) service members. Unit-level inclusivity refers to military units that have policies and practices that welcome and support LGBT individuals. Research has shown that these policies can improve unit cohesion and morale among all service members, regardless of their sexual orientation or gender identity.
There is little research on how these policies impact the relational lives of LGBT personnel specifically. The present study examines whether unit-level inclusivity influences the social connections and romantic partnerships of LGBT individuals, including whether they are more likely to find a partner, experience greater satisfaction and commitment in their relationships, and feel supported by their peers.
To explore this question, the researchers analyzed data from a large survey of LGBT service members who participated in the 2014 Military Service Members Survey (MSM), which included questions about their sexual orientation, gender identity, social integration, relationship quality, and relationship stability. The survey was conducted via web-based and paper surveys and received over 360,0000 responses. Data were collected between August 2014 and March 2015.
To measure unit-level inclusivity, the researchers used a scale developed by previous studies that asked respondents to rate their unit's climate for inclusion based on their experiences with discrimination, acceptance, and visibility. Respondents were also asked about their social connectedness within their unit, including the degree of trust, empathy, and emotional support they experienced from their peers. In addition, the researchers looked at the number of same-sex friendships and opposite-sex friendships each person reported having.
The results showed that higher levels of unit-level inclusivity were associated with better social outcomes for LGBT personnel. Specifically, those in units with more inclusive climates reported feeling more socially integrated and had more same-sex friends than those in less inclusive units. They were also more likely to have committed romantic partnerships and report greater satisfaction and stability in their relationships. These findings suggest that creating a welcoming environment for all service members can improve the well-being and personal lives of LGBT individuals.
This study highlights the importance of military policies that promote diversity and inclusion. By ensuring that every member feels valued and supported, regardless of their sexual orientation or gender identity, commanders and leaders can create stronger, more cohesive units and increase the likelihood that all personnel will thrive personally and professionally.
How does unit-level inclusivity influence social integration and relational outcomes for LGBT personnel?
Research has shown that inclusive units promote increased feelings of social belonging among LGBT military members (e. g. , Barker & Glass, 2016; Coker et al. , 2017). When service members feel accepted by their peers and superiors, they are more likely to experience positive relationships with others and develop strong ties within their unit.