The study of how social norms and cultural beliefs shape human behavior is an essential aspect of anthropology. One area where this phenomenon can be seen most prominently is in the field of human sexuality. Many societies have established strict guidelines regarding acceptable and unacceptable sexual practices, often influenced by religious or moral considerations. These taboos can have a significant impact on individuals' sexual behavior, preferences, and relationship satisfaction.
Social Taboos and Sexual Behaviors
According to anthropologist Edward Westermarck, people learn their culture's sexual mores through observation and imitation. He argued that humans are born neither innately good nor evil but rather acquire these traits from their environment. This means that individual experiences with sex vary based on their surroundings, including family, peers, religion, media, and education.
Some cultures may frown upon premarital sex while others condone it. In these cases, those who choose to engage in such activities may feel shame and guilt due to social stigma.
In terms of specific behaviors, many taboos exist around non-heterosexual relationships and non-procreative acts.
Homosexuality has historically been considered sinful in several societies due to religious teachings. As a result, LGBTQ+ individuals may face discrimination, harassment, and even violence for their identity. Similarly, practices like BDSM (bondage/domination/discipline/submission/sadism/masochism) are often viewed as deviant due to their focus on pleasure over procreation. This can lead to feelings of embarrassment, fear of judgment, and difficulty forming meaningful intimate connections.
Social Pressure and Relational Satisfaction
The negative effects of social taboos extend beyond individuals' behavior to their relationships. Couples may feel pressure to conform to certain expectations or risk ostracism by family members and community members. This can create tension between partners, leading to increased stress levels and decreased satisfaction.
When one partner is more conservative than the other, they may experience frustration or resentment towards their partner's choices. They might also worry that public opinions will affect their relationship status.
One study found that couples with mismatched sexual desires experienced lower levels of communication and affectionate touch compared to those with aligned preferences. Another showed that heterosexual women who had premarital sex were less likely to marry within two years than those who did not. These findings suggest that adhering to cultural norms can negatively impact relational stability and emotional well-being.
Society's moral expectations and sexual taboos shape our behavior, preferences, and relationships. When these beliefs conflict with personal values or desires, it can cause internal turmoil and strain on interpersonal connections.
Some people choose to challenge conventional wisdom through advocacy for LGBTQ+ rights or by engaging in non-traditional practices like BDSM. It is essential to recognize the potential consequences of such decisions and seek support if needed.
How do social taboos and moral expectations influence sexual behaviors, preferences, and relational satisfaction?
Taboos and moral expectations are cultural norms that regulate individual behavior and restrict what is considered acceptable and unacceptable in society (Buss, 2017). When it comes to sexuality, these norms have been found to shape people's attitudes, behaviors, and relationships in various ways.