The shape and size of the labia vary widely between individuals and can change with age or childbirth.
Labial frenulum is a fold of skin that connects the inner lips to the outer lips, creating an indentation at the top of the vulva. It also extends downwards to form a flap called the clitoral hood, which covers the glans clitoris. Labia majora are larger than the labia minora. They begin from the pubic bone and extend outward, covering most of the vulva. The mons pubis is the fatty tissue located above them. Labia minora are smaller and more delicate. They run along the sides of the labia majora and end at the base of the clitoris. The perineum is the area between the vagina and anus. It includes muscles that help control urination and childbirth.
Labial elongation occurs when the labia minora become longer and protrude beyond the labia majora. This may occur naturally or as a result of certain medical conditions such as lichen sclerosus or lichen planus. Labial hypertrophy means enlargement of one or both labia majora. It may be caused by hormonal changes during pregnancy or menopause, genetics, or PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome). In rare cases, it can indicate hyperestrogenism or even cancer. Hirsutism is excessive hair growth on the face, chest, abdomen, or back. It may be due to genetic factors, hormonal imbalances, medications, or certain diseases.
The shape and size of the labia vary widely between individuals. Factors affecting this include genetics, race, age, hormones, weight, diet, exercise, and sexual activity. During puberty, estrogen stimulates the development of larger labia majora and clitoral hood. However, the labia minora remain small until after menarche. With age, they tend to shrink in size and become more vertical. Childbirth can stretch them outward or downward. Menopause causes them to become smaller again.
Labia minora are typically pigmented with darker color than the labia majora. They also have many sebaceous glands that produce natural lubrication for sex and prevent dryness. Some women have visible veins within their labia minora, while others do not. The labia minora contain a greater number of nerve endings than the labia majora, making them sensitive to touch. Labial asymmetry occurs when one labium is significantly different from the other. It's normal and does not necessarily require medical attention.
Some people prefer longer labia for sensual reasons. Others opt for shorter ones for comfort or cosmetic purposes. Labial reduction surgery involves removing excess tissue from the inner lips to achieve symmetry and reduce discomfort during intercourse. This procedure has risks such as bleeding, infection, scarring, and loss of sensitivity. A vaginal-tightening procedure called vaginoplasty may be used to improve tightness and control urinary leakage.
Overall, the shape and size of the labia vary widely between individuals and change throughout life. While some prefer large or short labia, there is no 'ideal' size or shape. It's important to respect each person's individual anatomy and preferences.