Bisexual phenomenology is the study of the subjective experience of bisexual people, which challenges conventional understandings of desire, identity, and multiplicity. Conventional understandings often assume that individuals are either heterosexual or homosexual and that their desires are fixed and unchanging.
Bisexual phenomenology suggests that bisexual individuals may have fluid and evolving attractions to both men and women, and that these attractions can be influenced by cultural, social, and individual factors.
One challenge to conventional understandings of desire is the concept of "bi-erasure." This occurs when bisexuals are ignored, denied, or excluded from discussions about sexual orientation and gender identity. Bisexual individuals may face prejudice and discrimination from both heterosexual and LGBTQ+ communities, leading to feelings of isolation, confusion, and fear. Bi-erasure also contributes to misconceptions about bisexuality, such as the idea that it is merely an experimental phase or a symptom of mental illness. These misconceptions perpetuate stigma and make it difficult for bisexual individuals to access support and resources.
Another challenge to conventional understandings of identity is the notion of "monosexism." This refers to the belief that sexual orientations are binary (hetero/homo) and that monogamy is the normative relationship structure. Bisexual individuals may experience pressure to choose between exclusively dating men or women, even though they may want relationships with multiple partners. Monosexist ideologies can lead to feelings of shame, guilt, and self-doubt among bisexuals, as well as denial of their identities by others. Bisexual individuals may seek validation and acceptance in online spaces, where they find community and solidarity.
Multiplicity refers to the ability to hold contradictory or diverse beliefs, experiences, or identities simultaneously. In terms of bisexual phenomenology, this challenges the idea that sexual attractions must be clearly defined and consistent over time. Instead, bisexual people may experience shifting desires and attractions over their lifetimes. Some may identify as "pansexual," which means attraction to all genders, while others may prefer specific gender identities within each gender. Bisexuals may also engage in polyamorous relationships, which involve multiple partners who share intimacy and commitment.
Bisexual phenomenology offers new insights into desire, identity, and multiplicity, challenging traditional assumptions about sexual orientation and relationship structures. By recognizing the complexity of bisexual experiences, we can promote inclusivity, reduce stigma, and create a more supportive environment for bisexual individuals.
In what ways does bisexual phenomenology of attraction challenge conventional understandings of desire, identity, and multiplicity?
Bisexuality challenges traditional notions of sexual orientation by subverting binary conceptions of gender and rejecting rigidly defined categories. Bisexuality is characterized by fluidity and flexibility rather than fixedness and permanence. The bisexual experience involves navigating multiple identities simultaneously, including one's own as well as those projected onto them by others.