Throughout human history, there has been a significant overlap between religion and the way people view sex, desire, and erotic expression. Religion has served as both a source of guidance and regulation for these aspects of human life. While some religions have viewed sex as a natural and pleasurable act, others have condemned it as sinful and immoral. This essay will explore the historical forces that shaped the evolution of religious views on these topics.
Ancient Religions
In ancient times, many cultures believed that sex was a sacred act that should be reserved for procreation. In ancient Greece, for example, prostitution was forbidden and seen as immoral. Sex was seen as a necessary evil, used solely for the purpose of reproduction.
Some scholars believe that Greek culture also had a strong sexual component, which included homosexuality and pederasty.
Christianity
Christianity emerged in the Roman Empire around 40 AD and soon became one of the dominant religions in Europe. The church's teachings about sex were influenced by Judaism, which held that sexual intimacy outside of marriage was forbidden. Christianity expanded upon this concept by prohibiting all forms of sexual pleasure, including masturbation and same-sex relationships. The Catholic Church went so far as to declare certain acts such as oral sex and anal sex sins against nature.
Islam
Islam originated in the Middle East in the 7th century CE and quickly spread throughout the region. Like Christianity, Islam views sex as a private and sacred act between married couples.
Islam places more emphasis on modesty and privacy than Christianity.
While Christians may engage in sex during pregnancy, Muslims must abstain from it.
Islamic law encourages men to marry multiple wives, which has led to polygamy becoming an accepted practice in some parts of the world.
Modern Religions
Modern religious groups have been more accepting of sexual expression, although many still condemn certain practices such as premarital sex and homosexuality.
The Mormon Church believes that sex should only occur within marriage and that masturbation is wrong. Meanwhile, Buddhist monks are expected to refrain from any sexual activity whatsoever.
The evolution of religious beliefs on sex, desire, and erotic expression has been shaped by various historical forces. While some religions view these topics negatively, others view them positively.
The way society defines sex and intimacy depends largely on cultural norms and values.