The effects of military service on sexual behavior have been studied since ancient times. During war, soldiers are exposed to traumatic experiences that can change their sexual life, such as witnessing death and destruction, being injured, feeling fear and anxiety, and experiencing loss and grief. These factors may lead to problems with sexual arousal, intimacy, and emotional responsiveness, which can persist after returning home. This article will discuss the impact of prolonged exposure to military stressors on these three aspects of sexual functioning.
Sexual Arousal
In a study conducted by Kernberg et al., veterans reported lower levels of sexual desire compared to non-veteran controls. The researchers suggest that this may be due to the negative effect of military service on libido and sexual response patterns. They found that veterans were more likely to experience difficulty achieving orgasm, erectile dysfunction, and delayed ejaculation.
They were less likely to engage in sexual activities or masturbate regularly. Another study conducted by Higgins et al. showed similar results, finding that male veterans reported decreased frequency of sexual activity, difficulty maintaining an erection, and reduced interest in sex.
Intimacy
Veterans may also experience difficulties establishing and maintaining close relationships, leading to issues with intimacy. Studies suggest that veterans may feel detached from their partners, emotionally distant, and less interested in physical closeness. Veterans who experienced combat trauma may exhibit hyperarousal responses, making them avoidant or even aggressive toward others. This can affect intimacy in both romantic and platonic relationships. In addition, some veterans report feeling guilt, shame, or embarrassment about their experiences, which can make it difficult to open up to loved ones.
Emotional Responsiveness
Prolonged exposure to military stressors can also impact emotional responsiveness. Veterans may become desensitized to strong emotions, including positive ones such as joy or excitement. They may have difficulty expressing feelings or empathizing with others. This can lead to problems with communication and connection, particularly in romantic relationships. Some veterans may also experience flashbacks or nightmares related to their service, which can interfere with daily life and relationships.
Prolonged exposure to military stressors can have a significant impact on sexual arousal, emotional responsiveness, and intimacy. These effects can persist long after returning home and may contribute to relationship difficulties, mental health concerns, and overall quality of life. It is important for veterans to seek help if they are experiencing these challenges, as treatment options are available. Family members and friends should be supportive and understanding, recognizing the unique needs and experiences of veterans.
In what ways does prolonged exposure to military stressors affect sexual arousal, emotional responsiveness, and intimacy?
Many soldiers suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after being exposed to combat situations. PTSD is characterized by intrusive memories of trauma, hypervigilance, avoidant behaviors, mood changes, feelings of guilt, and emotional numbness. Prolonged exposure to military stressors can lead to decreased levels of testosterone, estrogen, prolactin, and oxytocin.